Dyscalculia: Expert Warning on Signs, Causes and Ways to Manage It

Dyscalculia is a specific learning difficulty that affects the way a person understands numbers, quantities and mathematical concepts. In children, early signs can include difficulty recognising numbers, learning to count, comparing quantities, remembering simple calculations and telling time on an analogue clock. They may also take longer than classmates to complete basic calculations. In adults, difficulties can appear while handling change, paying bills, calculating percentages, estimating quantities, managing budgets and following schedules. Confusion while reading maps, identifying directions or remembering routes may also occur.

Experts caution that dyscalculia is not the same as maths anxiety. Maths anxiety can make a person feel stressed or nervous about calculations, while someone with dyscalculia may have difficulty understanding numbers even when there is no pressure. The condition is believed to be linked to differences in the brain systems involved in processing numerical information, and genetic factors may also play a role. It is not caused by laziness, low intelligence or lack of attention. There is no single test for diagnosis, so a comprehensive assessment of mathematical skills, memory, attention, development and academic performance may be required. Early identification and specialised teaching can help manage the difficulties. Visual learning materials, number lines, practical examples, additional time and written instructions can support children, while adults may benefit from calculators, budgeting tools and calendar reminders.

Note: Occasional mistakes in calculations do not necessarily indicate dyscalculia. A qualified professional should conduct an appropriate assessment if persistent difficulties are noticed.